Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) (acetate)

Orexin A (Hypocretin-1) (human, rat, mouse) acetate is a hypothalamic neuropeptide with analgesic properties (crosses the blood-brain barrier). Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) acetate binds and activates two types of G protein-coupled receptors, the orexin-1 receptor (OX1R) and the orexin-2 receptor (OX2R). Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) acetate can be used in studies of appetite regulation, neurodegenerative diseases and modulation of injurious messaging^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro: Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) acetate (0.1, 1, 10, 100 nM; 24 h) increases the expression of BDNF in SH-SY5Y human dopaminergic neuroblastoma cells in a dose-dependent manner^[1].
Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) acetate (1 nM; 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 h) increases the expression of BDNF, TH, and PI3K in a time-dependent manner in SH-SY5Y cells^[1]. In Vivo: Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) acetate (300 ng/mouse; i.c.v.; single daily for 8 days) attenuates the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the decrease of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in the substantia nigra, normalized the striatal dopaminergic fibers, and prevents the depletion of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum^[1].
Orexin A (human, rat, mouse) acetate (10, 30 mg/kg; i.v.; single) shows to be analgesic in the carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia model and PPQ-induced mouse abdominal constriction model^[2].