Bonannione A

Bonannione A (6-Geranylnaringenin; Mimulone), a prenylflavonoid, is an orally active and potent protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 14 µM. Bonannione A triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis. Bonannione A induces autophagy through p53-mediated AMPK/mTOR pathway. Bonannione A shows anti-inflammatory, antiradical and anti-cancer activity^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:Bonannione A (0-80 µM; 12, 24 hours) significantly inhibits cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent way in cancer cell lines^[2].
Bonannione A (0-60 µM; 24 hours) triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis in A549 cells. Bonannione A increases accumulation of cells at the apoptotic sub-G1 phase and the number of cells at G2/M phase^[2].
Bonannione A (60 µM, 24 h) triggers autophagy without impairment of autophagic flux in A549 cells. Bonannione A remarkably reduced p53 levels^[2].
Bonannione A (60 µM, 0-24 h) remarkably decreased the levels of p53 and phospho-mTOR^[2].
In Vivo:Bonannione A (25 mg/kg; gavage; 48 and 24 h prior to DSS and every 24 h on the following days; for 5days) ameliorates the symptoms of colitis and delayed their onset^[3].