Lysozyme

Lysozyme (Muramidase) is a conserved antimicrobial protein. Lysozyme exerts its bactericidal effect by hydrolyzing bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan (PG). Lysozyme plays an important role in limiting bacterial growth on mucosal surfaces and other sites, not only controlling potential pathogens but also limiting overgrowth of microbiota to prevent dysbiosis. Extracellular lysozyme can also degrade polymeric PG into soluble fragments, activate NOD receptors in mucosal epithelial cells, and lead to the secretion of chemokines and activating factors by neutrophils and macrophages^[1][2]. In Vivo: Lysozyme M-deficient mice (lysozyme M^-/^-) increases susceptibility to Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, whereas mice with increased lysozyme expression (lysozyme^tg) increases resistance to infection and improved survival^[3].
Hen Egg Lysozyme (150 mg/kg; i.g.; once daily for 5 days) reduces the extent of inflammation and modulated local gene expression in a piglet model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis^[4].