Buparvaquone

Buparvaquone is a hydroxynaphthoquinone antiprotozoal drug related to parvaquone and atovaquone. In Vitro: In 4-day proliferation assays, buparvaquone efficiently inhibits N.?caninum tachyzoite replication(IC₅₀=4.9?nM; IC₁₀₀=100?nM)^[1]. Buparvaquone is significantly selective against L. (L.) infantum chagasi intracellular amastigotes, with an IC₅₀ value of 1.5 μM. Other cutaneous species are also susceptible to buparvaquone, with IC₅₀ values in the range 1-4 μM^[2]. In Vivo: Treatment of N.?caninum infected mice with buparvaquone (100?mg/kg) either by intraperitoneal injection or gavage prevents neosporosis symptoms in 4 out of 6 mice in the intraperitoneally treated group, and in 6 out of 7 mice in the group receiving oral treatment^[1]. Both a hydrous gel and water-in-oil emulsion of buparvaquone significantly reduce cutaneous parasite burden and lesion size, compared with the untreated control^[3].