Ciprofloxacin

Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro:Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) (5-50 μg/mL; 0-24 h; tendon cells) inhibits cell proliferation and causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase^[1].
Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) shows potent activity against Y. pestis and B. anthracis with MIC₉₀ of 0.03 μg/mL and 0.12 μg/mL, respectively^[2]. In Vivo:Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) (30 mg/kg; i.p.; for 24 hours; BALB/c mice) has protection against Y. pestis in murine model of pneumonic plague^[3].
Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) (100 mg/kg; i.g.; daily, for 4 weeks; C57BL/6J mice) accelerates aortic root enlargement and increases the incidence of aortic dissection and rupture by decreases LOX level and increases MMP levels and activity in the aortic wall^[4].
Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) (100 mg/kg; i.g.; daily, for 4 weeks; C57BL/6J mice) induces DNA damage and release of DNA to the cytosol, mitochondrial dysfunction, and activation of cytosolic DNA sensor signaling. Ciprofloxacin lactate increases apoptosis and necroptosis in the aortic wall^[4].