Phenanthrene (Standard)

Phenanthrene (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phenanthrene. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phenanthrene is an orally active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that induces inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Additionally, phenanthrene is commonly used to detect or assess PAH pollution in the environment^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro:Phenanthrene (1-300 μM, 48 h) significantly reduces the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in primary hepatocytes of the Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus)^[4].
In Vivo:Phenanthrene (180 and 900 mg/kg, p.o., administered once on the first day; 90 and 450 mg/kg, i.p., administered once a day on the next 2 days) induces oxidative stress and inflammation in Wistar female rats^[3].
Phenanthrene (10-1000 μg/mL, exposure for 30 days) can cause liver damage and promote hepatocyte apoptosis in Chinese rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus)^[4].