Cetirizine (dihydrochloride)

Cetirizine dihydrochloride, a second-generation antihistamine and the carboxylated metabolite of hydroxyzine, is a specific, orally active and long-acting histamine H1-receptor antagonist. Cetirizine dihydrochloride marks antiallergic properties and inhibits eosinophil chemotaxis during the allergic response^[1][2][3]. In Vitro: Cetirizine (>5 μM) at higher concentrations can reduce the release of GM-CSF and IL-8 from A549 cells stimulated with IL-1β. Cetirizine exerts anti-inflammatory effects beyond histamine H1-receptor antagonist^{[2]. In Vivo: Cetirizine (20 mg/kg, mice, orally) exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting MIF as well as IL-8 production in mice immunized and challenged with ragweed pollen[3].}