Arcapillin

Arcapillin is a flavonoid that can be isolated from Artemisia capillaris Thunb. Arcapillin induces dose-dependent relaxation of ileum and pulmonary artery smooth muscle, causes slight urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction at highest tested concentrations. Arcapillin binds to the active site of SARS-CoV-2 M_pro via interactions with Gln139, His163, and His164, exhibits antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV. Arcapillin can be used for the research of gastrointestinal disorders, COVID-19, and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)^[1][2]. IC50 & Target:PTP1B^[1] In Vitro:Arcapillin binds to the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (PDB: 7L0D) with a docking score of -6.16 kcal mol⁻¹, indicating favorable interactions with the enzyme's active site^[2].
Arcapillin (72 h) exhibits antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells with an IC₅₀ of 190.8 μg mL⁻¹, and has a low cytotoxic profile in the same cell line with a CC₅₀ of 1228 μg mL⁻¹, yielding a selectivity index of 6.40^[2].
Arcapillin (72 h) exhibits potent antiviral activity against MERS-CoV in Vero E6 cells with an IC₅₀ of 16.58 μg mL⁻¹, and has a CC₅₀ of 54.17 μg mL⁻¹ in the same cell line, yielding a selectivity index of 3.26^[2].