Phytic acid (50% w/w in water)

Phytic acid (myo-Inositol; hexakis dihydrogen phosphate; Inositol hexaphosphate) is an orally active compound. Phytic acid can be derived from the seeds of legumes. Phytic acid is a [PO4]³- storage depot and precursor for other inositol phosphates and pyrophosphates. Phytic acid attenuates Aβ oligomers and upregulates autophagy protein. Phytic acid can be used in cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, nervous system disease and cancer research^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]}. IC50 & Target:Xanthine oxidase^[3] In Vitro: Phytic acid (0.05%-0.4% (wt/wt), 5 min) and sodium chloride show marked synergistic bactericidal effects against nonadapted and acid-adapted Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains^[2].
Phytic acid (1-5 mM, 2-3 h) decreases the integrity of Caco-2 cell monolayers by modulating the TJ proteins' localization and down-regulating the expression levels of TJ proteins, and does not cause cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells^[3].
Phytic acid (48-72 h) provides complete protection against amyloid precursor protein-C-terminal fragment-induced cytotoxicity by attenuating levels of increased intracellular calcium, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, Aβ oligomers, and moderately upregulated the expression of autophagy (beclin-1) protein in MC65 cells^[5].
Phytic acid (≥1 mM) stimulates suicidal human erythrocyte death^[6].
In Vivo: Phytic acid (2%, diet, ad libitum for 21 d) reduces growth performance of pigs partly through reduced capacity of the small intestine to absorb Na^[4].
Phytic acid (2%, drinking water, 6 months) improves Alzheimer's pathology (AP180, beclin-1, LC3B, sirtuin 1) in Tg2576 mice^[5].
Phytic acid (20 mg/kg, i.p., pretreatment at 5 h before coronary artery occlusion) suppresses ischemia-induced hydroxyl radical generation in rat myocardium^[7].
Phytic acid (100 mg/kg/d, gavage, five days a week, 8 weeks) shows protective effects against CCl₄-induced liver fibrosis in mice^[8].
Phytic acid (4% of rodent chow, diet, 30 days) reduces lipogenic enzyme activities in diabetic rats^[9].
Phytic acid (1-2 g/100 g, in water, 13 weeks) shows anticarcinogenic effect in colon carcinoma rats, with 36% (1 g/100 g Phytic acid) and 42% (2 g/100 g Phytic acid) reduction in ACF, respectively^[10].