Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%)

Beta-Sitosterol (purity≥80%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]}. In Vitro:Bioactivity-guided isolation afforded three compounds from the hexane fraction of E. indica, namely, Beta-Sitosterol (β-sitosterol), Stigmasterol, and Lutein. Both compounds are found to possess very low PPL inhibition activity, that is, 2.99±0.80% (Beta-Sitosterol) of inhibition at 100 μg/mL (242 μM) and 2.68±0.38% (Stigmasterol) of inhibition at 100 μg/mL (243 μM), respectively. Weak PPL inhibition activity of Beta-Sitosterol and Stigmasterol isolated from Alpinia zerumbet with IC₅₀ value of 99.99±1.86 μg/mL and 125.05±4.76 μg/mL, respectively, in comparison with the inhibition shown by Curcumin (IC₅₀=4.92±0.21 μg/mL) and Quercetin (IC₅₀=18.60±0.86 μg/mL) which are used as positive controls in their study. Beta-Sitosterol and Stigmasterol are recorded with weak PPL inhibitory activity of only 3.0±0.8% and 2.7±0.4% at 100 μg/mL, respectively, (i.e., 242 μM and 243 μM) in contrast (34.5±5.4% at 100 μg/mL), which are comparatively lower than that recorded in literature (i.e., 50% PPL inhibition at 100 μg/mL)^[1]. Sitosterol is an important compound extracted from the leaves of Aloe vera. It inhibits the growth of promastigotes of L. donovani, a causative agent for life threatening visceral leishmaniasis disease^[2]. In Vivo:Beta-Sitosterol (β-sitosterol) treatment significantly reduced the immobility time at three doses (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) in the Forced Swim Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST), indicating an antidepressant effect. This effect is similar to the positive control fluoxetine at a dose of 30 mg/kg, where the strongest effect is observed compared with the control group (P < 0.001). The same effects are observed for three doses of Beta-Sitosterol in the TST. The % DID values are as follows: FST: 39.27% (10 mg/kg), 51.23% (20 mg/kg), and 57.48% (30 mg/kg); TST: 31.63% (10 mg/kg), 43.95% (20 mg/kg), and 53.38% (30 mg/kg). These results indicate that Beta-Sitosterol has a significant antidepressant activity in mice during the FST and TST. Furthermore, Beta-Sitosterol exhibits the antidepressant effect in a dose-dependent manner^[3].