Cycloastragenol

Cycloastragenol (Astramembrangenin), the active form of astragaloside IV, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-apoptotic, and cardiovascular protective effects. Cycloastragenol is a potent telomerase activator and can lengthen telomeres. Cycloastragenol alleviates age-related bone loss and improves bone microstructure and biomechanical properties^[1][2][3]. In Vitro: Cycloastragenol (0.03-3 μM; 24-72 hours) promotes viability, osteoblastic differentiation, and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells^[3]. In Vivo: Cycloastragenol (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) is injected intraperitoneally at the onset of reperfusion, 12 h later and then twice daily for up to three days. Cycloastragenol dose-dependently reduces brain infarct volume, significantly ameliorated functional deficits, and prevents neuronal cell loss in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice. Cycloastragenol suppresses the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1β, and inhibits the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the ischemic brain^[2].