3-Indoleacetonitrile

3-Indoleacetonitrile is an indole derivative with anti-influenza activity. 3-Indoleacetonitrile is a plant hormone produced by cruxiferous vegetables. 3-Indoleacetonitrile exerts profound antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of influenza A viruses, HSV-1 and VSV viruses in vitro. 3-Indoleacetonitrile diminishes lung virus titers and alleviates lung lesions in vivo. 3-Indoleacetonitrile induces an increase in mitochondrial antiviral-signaling (MAVS) protein levels. 3-Indoleacetonitrile can be used in research for combating viral infections including COVID-19, HSV-1, and VSV^[1][2]. In Vitro:3-Indoleacetonitrile (0-1.5 mM, 24 h) results in significant decrease in GFP fluorescence and inhibited viral proliferation in A549 cells infected with H5N6-GFP virus at an MOI of 0.005^[1].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (350 μM, 12-36 h) reduces PR8 PB2 and NP protein levels in A549 cells compared to Arbidol^[1].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (350 μM, 24 h) exerts potent anti-influenza activity in MDCK cells^[1].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (0-350 μM, 9 h) reduces viral NP and PB2 proteins dose-dependently in A549 infected with H5N6^[1].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (0-350 μM, 9 h) impairs PB2 and NP synthesis of PR8, H1N1, H3N2, and California09 H1N1 strains infected A549 cells^[1].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (320-640 μM, 24 h) significantly decreases the densities of GFP fluorescence of VSV or HSV-1 and inhibits viral proliferation in Vero E6 and 293T cells^[2].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (0-1.28 mM, 24 h) has EC₅₀ of 86.38 μM in Caco-2 and EC₅₀ of 38.79 μM Huh7.0 cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 at MOI of 1^[2].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (0-640 μM, 12 h) activates the IFN signaling pathway in 293T cells co-transfected with pGL4-IFN-β and pRL-TK^[2].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (680 μM, 0-24 h) results in dramatically higher ISRE- and NF-κB –responsive luciferase activity in 293T cells^[2].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (0-50 μM, 12 h) induces a dose-dependent increase in LC3-II and SQSTM1 protein levels in Vero E6 cells^[2]. In Vivo:3-Indoleacetonitrile (0.2-20 mg/kg, tail i.v., 10 d) does not alter body weights and health conditions of female BALB/c mice^[1].
3-Indoleacetonitrile (20 mg/kg, tail i.v., two doses with the second dose administered 1/3/5/7/9 dpi.) results in less weight loss and increased survival rate of H5N6-infected mice to 45.45% and PR8-infected mice to 50%^[1].