Latrunculin A

Latrunculin A (LAT-A), found in the red sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica, is a G-actin polymerization inhibitor. Latrunculin A binds to actin monomers and inhibits polymerization of actin with K_ds of 0.1, 0.4, 4.7 μM and 0.19 μM for ATP-actin, ADP-Pi-actin, ADP-actin and G-actin, respectively. Latrunculin A has effective anti-metastatic properties for cancer research. Latrunculin A blocks cell migration^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}. IC50 & Target:Kd: 0.1 μM (ATP-actin), 0.4 μM (ADP-Pi-actin), 4.7 μM (ADP-actin), 0.19 μM (G-actin)^[2] In Vitro: Latrunculin A (50-1000 nM) exhibits potent anti-invasive activity against human prostate cancer PC-3M cells, inhibits PC-3M-CT+ spheroids disaggregation and cell migration^[3].
Latrunculin A (3-30 μM) inhibits hypoxia-induced HIF-1 activation with an IC₅₀ value of 6.7 μM in human breast carcinoma T47D cells^[3].
Latrunculin A (0-0.2 μM, 4 hours) has a significant inhibitory effect on HuR levels at high concentrations such as 0.2 μM in human hepatoma HepG2 cells while inhibits HuR only at 0.02 μM but no inhibitory effect at high concentrations in human hepatoma Huh7 cells^[4].
Latrunculin A (0.1 μM, 24 hours) can lead to a significant decrease in cell migration and has an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation in human hepatoma cell lines HepG2^[4].
In Vivo: Latrunculin A (intraperitoneal injection, 0.05 mg/kg, three doses in the first 20 days, 120 days) has strong antitumor effect in male BALB/c nude mice models infected with adenocarcinoma (MKN45) or carcinoma (NUGC-4)^[5].