Fusidic acid (sodium salt)

Fusidic acid sodium salt is an orally available antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by preventing the release of translation elongation factor G (EF-G) from ribosomes. Fusidic acid sodium salt inhibits the inhibitory and activating effects of interleukins IL-1 and IL-6 on glucose-induced insulin production and exhibits antidiabetic effects in a rat model. Fusidic acid sodium salt improves the symptoms of colitis in rats and inhibits the growth of Toxoplasma gondii and Listeria monocytogenes EGD in vitro, but not in mice^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}. In Vitro:Fusidic acid sodium salt has good in vitro activity (usual MIC 1mg/L) against Staphylococcus species and has modest activity (usual MIC≤ 8 mg/L) against Streptococcus and Enterococcus species^[2].
At an extracellular concentration of 100 mg/L in 90% human serum, fusidic acid is bacteriostatic^[2].
Fusidic acid sodium salt (0-30 μg/mL, 1-72 h) inhibits the inhibitory and activating effects of interleukin IL-1β and IL-6 on glucose-induced insulin production in rat pancreas^[3].
Fusidic acid sodium salt (0-100 μg/ml, 1 h) inhibits the growth of Toxoplasma gondii in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) cells with an IC₅₀ of 4 μg/ml and a MIC of 2 μg/mL for Listeria monocytogenes EGD^[4]. In Vivo:Fusidic acid sodium salt (20 mg/kg, s.c., three times a day, 3 days) has no effect on Toxoplasma gondii in mice^[4].
Fusidic acid sodium salt (2.5 mg/ml, p.o., 200 days) has anti-diabetic effect on diabetic rats. ^[5].
Fusidic acid sodium salt (80 mg/kg, p.o., single dose) improves clinical, histological and serum immunological symptoms in rats with colitis^[6].