Paeonolide

Paeonolide, found in Paeonia suffruticosa, is an ERK1/2 activator. Paeonolide promotes early and late osteoblast differentiation, stimulates pre-osteoblast transmigration, and activates the BMP-Smad1/5/8, Wnt-β-catenin, JNK and p38 pathways. Paeonolide can be used for the research of osteoporosis, periodontitis^[1]. In Vitro:Paeonolide (0.1-100 µM; 24 h) does not affect viability or proliferation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts^[1].
Paeonolide (1-30 µM; 24 h) enhances wound healing migration of OS-induced MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner^[1].
Paeonolide (1-30 µM; 7 days) promotes early osteoblast differentiation of OS-induced MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner, as measured by increased ALP staining and activity^[1].
Paeonolide (1-30 µM; 14 days) promotes late osteoblast differentiation and mineralized nodule formation of OS-induced MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner, as measured by increased ARS staining and osteoblast-specific gene expression^[1].
Paeonolide (1-10 µM; 24 h) activates the BMP-Smad1/5/8, Wnt-β-catenin, and MAPK (ERK1/2, JNK, p38) signaling pathways in OS-induced MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts, with a dominant effect on ERK1/2 phosphorylation^[1].