Leucrose

Leucrose (5-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-fructose) is an orally active Sucrose (HY-B1779) isomer naturally found in pollen and honey. Leucrose promotes phosphorylation of JAK1 and STAT6, reduces pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokinesas (TNFα, and IL-1β), increases M2 macrophage polarization and suppresses DSS (HY-116282C)-induced colitis. Leucrose suppresses hepatic triglyceride accumulation, improves fasting blood glucose levels, and regulates hepatic lipogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Leucrose is slowly hydrolyzed into glucose and fructose by α-glucosidase and acts as as a sugar substitute in diet^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:Leucrose (24 h) does not alter RAW 264.7 macrophage cell viability relative to glucose treatment in DMEM containing IL4 (20 ng/mL) and total glucose
content (25 mM) partially substituted with leucrose, but upregulates M2 macrophage markers (CD163, Arg1) and increases JAK1/STAT6 phosphorylation^[1].
Leucrose is hydrolyzed into
glucose and fructose by α-glucosidase in the small intestine and suppresses adipogenesis and down-regulates adipogenesis-related gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes^[2]. In Vivo:Leucrose (25-50% of total sucrose content replaced; p.o.; ad libitum in diet; continuously for 5 weeks) supplementation suppresses DSS (HY-116282C)-induced colitis in C57BL/6 mice, with the 50% replacement group reducing DAI AUC_0-t by 37.3%, restoring colon length by 20.3%, and reducing colon tissue IL-1β mRNA levels by 81.1% relative to the DSS-only group, via regulation of inflammatory mediators and M2 macrophage polarization^[1].
Leucrose (25-50% of total sucrose replaced; p.o.; ad libitum in diet; 12 weeks) improves fasting blood glucose levels, reduces hepatic triglyceride accumulation, downregulates hepatic lipogenesis-related genes, and upregulates hepatic β-oxidation-related genes in obese mice, with the 50% replacement showing greater potency for hepatic triglyceride reduction and β-oxidation gene activation^[2].
Leucrose (25% indiet; p.o.; daily; 6 weeks) supports normal growth in weanling male SPF-Sprague-Dawley rats, with body weight gain, protein efficiency, and energy efficiency statistically equivalent to sucrose or corn starch controls^[3].