Metronidazole (hydrochloride)

Metronidazole hydrochloride (SC 326421) is an orally active nitroimidazole antibiotic, can be used to research anaerobic infections. Metronidazole hydrochloride can cross blood brain barrier and results inflammation and skeletal muscle contraction under long-term application^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro: Metronidazole hydrochloride acts on anaerobic microorganism following: passage through the cell membrane; (b) reductive action; (c) interaction with intracellular targets; (d) release of inactive end products, exerts function with toxic nitro and nitroso derivatives^[1].
Metronidazole hydrochloride displays inhibitory activity towards anaerobic protozoa Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, and Balantidium coli^[1].
Metronidazole hydrochloride (4-8 μg/mL) inhibits anaerobic bacteria and shows good bactericidal activity^[1].
Metronidazole hydrochloride (0.1 μg/mL-0.01 mg/mL; 12-96 h) induces granular formation and triggers apoptosis in Blastocystis sp^[2].
In Vivo: Metronidazole hydrochloride (135 mg/kg/d; p.o.; 28 d) can cross the blood brain barrier, and exhibits neurotoxicity under long term administration in rats^[3].
Metronidazole hydrochloride (1 g/L; p.o.; 4 weeks) results skeletal muscle atrophy and changes the expression of genes involved in the muscle peripheral circadian rhythm machinery and metabolic regulation^[4].