Gomisin N

Gomisin N is an orally active lignan compound. Gomisin N can be isolated from Schisandra chinensis. Gomisin N induces Apoptosis in a variety of cells. Gomisin N activates AMPK, Akt, MAPK/ERK, Nrf2, caspase-3 and PARP-1. Gomisin N inhibits GSK3β, nitric oxide (NO), and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α). Gomisin N has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and anti-melanogenesis activities. Gomisin N has anti-tumor activity against cervical cancer and liver cancer. Gomisin N improves Alzheimer's disease^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]}. In Vitro:Gomisin N (100 μM, 30 min) enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis in Hela cells^[1].
Gomisin N (10-100 μM; 30 min-6 h) activates AMPK and Akt signaling and stimulates glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes^[2].
Gomisin N (2.5-20 μM; 1 h) shows anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells, reducing nitric oxide (NO) production and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) expression^[3].
Gomisin N (25-100 μM; 48 h) reduces viability of HepG2 and HCCLM3 cells^[5].
Gomisin N (40-320 μM; 24 h) significantly induces anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in HepG2 cells^[6].
Gomisin N (10-100 μM; 16 h) shows protective effect against endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells^[8].
Gomisin N (1-10 μM; 72 h) inhibits melanogenesis through activating the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways in Melan-A cells^[9].
Gomisin N (50 μM; 24 h) exerts an antioxidant effect by inhibiting GSK3β, activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway in H₂O₂-treated SH-SY5Y/APP695swe cells^[10].
In Vivo:Gomisin N (20 mg/kg; p.o.; every day; 6 weeks) reduces hyperglycemia and improves glucose tolerance in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6 mice^[2].
Gomisin N (2-10 mg/kg; p.o.; 3 times per week; 8 weeks) prevents HFD-induced obesity and ameliorates hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 mice^[4].
Gomisin N (1-30 mg/kg; p.o.; 4 days) alleviates Tunicamycin (HY-A0098)-induced hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress and triglyceride accumulation and improves liver injury in C57BL/6 mice^[8].
Gomisin N (10-20 mg/kg; i.g.; 2 months) can improve the learning and memory abilities of AD rats induced by Aβ_25-35, reduce the area of Aβ plaques in the hippocampus and cortex, increase the number of neurons, and improve the oxidative stress state^[10].