Fialuridine

Fialuridine (FIAU), a nucleoside analog, is a HSV-1 and HSV-2 inhibitor with K_is of 0.14 μM and 0.95 μM, respectively. Fialuridine shows anti-orthopoxvirus and anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activities. Fialuridine inhibits duck HBV DNA replication with IC₅₀ values of 0.075 μM and 156 μM in human hepatoma cells and in chicken liver cells, respectively^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:Fialuridine against Vaccinia and Cowpox viruses in HFF cells with EC₅₀ values of 1.5 and 0.2 μM, respectively^[2]. In Vivo:DNA is obtained from tissues of dogs administered Fialuridine (FIAU) at 0, 1, 2, or 3 mg/kg of body weight per day for 90 days, monkeys administered Fialuridine at 0 or 25 mg/kg per day for 30 days, and rats administered Fialuridine at 0, 255, or 510 mg/kg per day for 70 days. Fialuridine incorporation was observed in all species. In the rat, Fialuridine is incorporated into DNA of all tissues examined, with highest concentrations in the liver followed by jejunum, spleen, and heart. Fialuridine is also incorporated into sperm DNA^[4].