Coniferyl ferulate

Coniferyl ferulate is an orally active phenolic acid compound. Coniferyl ferulate is a potent inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST) (IC₅₀ = 0.3 μM), which downregulates P-gp expression, induces apoptosis in B-MD-C1 (ADR+/+) cells, and reverses multidrug resistance. Coniferyl ferulate blocks the NMDAR/NR2B-CaMKII-MAPKs signaling pathway, inhibits ROS production and mitochondrial apoptosis, while reshapes the intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolism, ameliorates colonic inflammation and alleviates depressive symptoms in mice. Coniferyl ferulate can alleviate the toxicity of xylene to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by targeting Mgst2. Coniferyl ferulate exhibits antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus^{[1][2][3][4][5]}. IC50 & Target:Glutathione S-transferase^[1]
P-glycoprotein^[1] In Vitro:Coniferyl ferulate (5-20 μM, 48 h) induces apoptosis and markedly inhibits cells in G1-phase in B-MD-C1 (ADR+/+) cells^[1].
Coniferyl ferulate (5-20 μM, 48 h) inhibits the upregulation of MDR1/P-gp caused by Doxorubicin (HY-15142A), and bring the expression of P-gp close to the basal level in B-MD-C1 (ADR+/+) cells^[1].
Coniferyl ferulate (0.2-20 μM, 28 h) protects against the decline in cell viability and apoptosis induced by Glutamate (HY-14608), and alleviates cell membrane damage by blocking the NMDA receptor-CaMKII-MAPKs signaling cascade, reducing the level of ROS and enhancing SOD activity in PC12 cells^[2].
In Vivo:Coniferyl ferulate (25-100 mg/kg, i.g., once daily, for 13-14 days) possesses anti-depressant effect in mice behavioral test^[2].
Coniferyl ferulate (50 mg/kg, i.g., once daily, for 4 weeks) attenuates depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS), and significantly ameliorates colonic inflammation in mice^[3].
Coniferyl ferulate (50 mg/kg, i.g., once daily, for 25 days) alleviates xylene-caused hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell toxicity by inhibiting Mgst2 in mice^[4].