Carbaryl

Carbaryl is the inhibitor for acetylcholinesterase that inhibits the degradation of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, leads to the accumulation of acetylcholine and causes neurotoxicity. Carbaryl can be used as an insecticide^[1][2]. In Vitro:Carbaryl (1-8 ppm, 48 h) stimulates cell division and increases the cell number by 9.44% and 3.78% at 1 ppm and 2 ppm, inhibites cell growth and decreases the cell number by 11.32% and 33.96% at 4 ppm and 8 ppm, modulates the phospholipid content^[2].
Carbaryl (20-40 μg/mL, 24 h) causes developmental delays, cardiac, neurodevelopmental and morphological defects, leads to cell death in cardiac region and nervous system in zebrafish embryos^[3].
Carbaryl (10 μM, 8-12 h) increases the ROS level and induces oxidative stress in cell Neuro 2A, impairs mitochondrial functions, and induces apoptosis^[4].
In Vivo:Carbaryl (10-30 mg/kg, ip, 5 times a week for 28 days) inhibits the production of Th1 cytokines (such as IFN-γ), promotes the production of Th2 cytokines (such as IL-4 and IL-10), thereby changing the Th1/Th2 balance and exhibiting immunotoxicity in rats models^[5].