Octocrylene

Octocrylene is an organic ultraviolet (UV) filter that absorbs mainly UVB radiation and shorter UVA wavelengths. Octocrylene acts as a partial agonist of PPARγ, which alters the gene transcription profile of lipid metabolism enzymes. In addition, Octocrylene is cytotoxic and genotoxic to human skin fibroblasts and mediates the biosynthesis of estrogens such as estriol in zebrafish larvae, while affecting antioxidant pathways including glutathione transferase and peroxisomes^{[1][2][3][4][5]}. In Vitro:Octocrylene (260-6500 μM; 24 h) concentration-dependently reduces human skin fibroblast survival (IC₅₀=1390.95 μM) and increases DNA damage and intracellular oxidative stress levels^[1].
Octocrylene (25.8 μM, 24 h; 5.5 μM, 96 h) is an activator of the ER pathway in zebrafish liver cell line^[3].
Octocrylene (30 μM) promotes adiponectin production during adipogenesis in hBM-MSCs (EC₅₀=29.6 μM) and directly bonds to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PPARγ (K_i=37.8 μM)^[4].
In Vivo:Octocrylene (251.8 μM, zebrafish larvae exposed to the drug environment for 96 h) promotes the expression of CYPs and ER pathway-related genes and sex differentiation genes in zebrafish larvae^[3].