Bromhexine (hydrochloride)

Bromhexine hydrochloride is a potent and specific TMPRSS2 protease inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 0.75 μM. Bromhexine hydrochloride can prevent and manage SARS-CoV-2 infection. Bromhexine hydrochloride is an autophagy agonist. Bromhexine hydrochloride is a mucolytic cough suppressant and has the potential for a range of respiratory conditions^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro: Bromhexine hydrochloride (BHH; 250μM; 24 hours) also significantly attenuates HGF-induced invasion of LNCaP and C4-2B cells that natively express TMPRSS2^[1].
No significant toxicity is observed over a 48-hour period exposing LNCaP, DU145, PC3, or HepG2 cells to Bromhexine hydrochloride concentrations ranging from 0μM to 250μM. Bromhexine hydrochloride exposure does not induce cell death or substantially suppress the growth of DU145 cells^[1].
Bromhexine hydrochloride (20?μM; 48?h) inhibits dendritic cells infection with HIV-1^[4].
In Vivo: Bromhexine hydrochloride (30mg/kg; ip; three times per week for 5 weeks) significantly reduces the incidence of distant metastasis to lung and liver sites from 55% in vehicle-treated animals to 20% in Wild-type C57BL/6 and TRAMP mice with PIN (prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia). The prostate glands of the mice treated with Bromhexine hydrochloride are generally substantially larger than vehicle-treated TRAMP mice^[1].