Arecoline (hydrochloride)

Arecoline hydrochloride, a naturally occurring psychoactive alkaloid, is a partial agonist of nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Arecoline hydrochloride exhibits stimulation, alertness, anxiolysis and anti-parasitic effects. Arecoline hydrochloride also can induce oxidative stress^[1][2][3][4]. IC50 & Target: nAChR/mAChR^[3] In Vitro: Arecoline hydrochloride induces the generation of reactive oxygen species and cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0 phase in HaCaT cells without affecting the expression of p21/Cip1. Arecoline hydrochloride-induced epithelial cell death at higher concentrations is caused by oxidative trauma without eliciting apoptosis. Arecoline hydrochloride upregulates the expression of the following stress-responsive genes: hemeoxygenase-1; ferritin light chain; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; glutamatecysteine ligase catalytic subunit; and glutathione reductase^[1].