Evariquinone

Evariquinone is an anthraquinone compound isolated from the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum sp. JS-0367 of mulberry. Evariquinone possesses direct antioxidant activity. It inhibits excessive phosphorylation of the JNK, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways by suppressing ROS and Ca²⁺, thereby reducing neuronal apoptosis. Evariquinone can be used to study glutamate excitotoxicity-related neurological disorders (such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, etc.)^[1]. In Vitro:Evariquinone (10-100 μM) shows concentration-dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity with an IC₅₀ of 42.2 μM and a maximum activity of 70 ± 1.78% at 100 μM^[1].
Evariquinone (12-100 μM; 24 h) provides concentration-dependent neuroprotection against 5 mM glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in HT22 cells, restoring cell viability to near control levels at 50 and 100 μM^[1].
Evariquinone (50, 100 μM; 8 h) significantly inhibits 5 mM glutamate-induced intracellular ROS accumulation in HT22 cells^[1].
Evariquinone (50, 100 μM; 8 h) significantly blocks 5 mM glutamate-induced intracellular Ca²⁺ influx in HT22 cells, reducing fluorescence intensity to near control levels at 100 μM^[1].
Evariquinone (50, 100 μM; 8 h) significantly inhibits 5 mM glutamate-induced phosphorylation of JNK, ERK1/2, and p38 in HT22 cells^[1].
Evariquinone (50, 100 μM; 10 h) strongly attenuates 5 mM glutamate-mediated apoptotic cell death in HT22 cells, reducing the percentage of apoptotic cells to ~18% and ~14%, respectively^[1].