Monotropein

Monotropein is an iridoid glycoside that can be isolated from the roots of Morinda officinalis. Monotropein inhibits the expression of inflammatory mediators in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. Monotropein exerts protective effects against IL-1β-induced apoptosis and catabolic responses on osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Monotropein has cartilage protective activity. Monotropein can alleviate Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of NF-κB signaling. Monotropein can be studied in research for osteoarthritis, acute kidney injury and acute lung injury^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:Monotropein (100 μg/mL, 24 h) decreases the apoptotic rate of chondrocytes^[1].
Monotropein (25-100 μg/mL, 24 h) significantly decreases the mRNA levels of MMP-3 and MMP-13 in chondrocytes^[1].
Monotropein (25-100 μg/mL, 48 h) exhibits anti-apoptosis and anti-catabolic activity and counteracts the effect of IL-1β^[1].
Monotropein (Compound Mon) (0-200 μg/mL, 24 h) enhances cell viability and reduces apoptosis in LPS-treated MLE-12 cells^[3].
Monotropein (12.5-100 μg/mL, 24 h) reduces inflammatory response and fibrosis induced by LPS in MLE-12 cells^[3].
Monotropein (100 μg/mL, 24 h) inhibits NF-κB pathway in LPS-elicited MLE-12 cells^[3]. In Vivo:Monotropein (25-100 mg/kg, i.g., single dose) greatly reduces the content of IL-1β, TNF-α, and PGE₂ in rat model with knee OA SF lavages^[1].
Monotropein (100 mg/kg, i.g., single dose) exhibits chondroprotective effects on knee joint tissue of OA rat model^[1].
Monotropein (20 mg/kg, i.p., 1 h pre-treatment and 24-48 h after) attenuates cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction and histopathological damage in AKI mouse model^[2].