Proparacaine (hydrochloride)

Proparacaine (Proxymetacaine) hydrochloride is a local anesthetic. Proparacaine hydrochloride blocks voltage-gated sodium channels on neuronal cell membranes, thereby inhibiting signal conduction and nociceptive signal transmission. Proparacaine hydrochloride blocks nociceptive signals in the eye and induces ocular muscle relaxation to reduce eye movement during surgery. Proparacaine hydrochloride is used in research related to cataracts^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:Proparacaine hydrochloride competitively inhibits the activity of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) purified from human erythrocytes, with an IC₅₀ of 601.60 μM and a K_i of 811.50 μM^[1].
Proparacaine hydrochloride non-competitively inhibits the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) purified from human erythrocytes, with an IC₅₀ of 686.90 μM and a K_i of 1,654.00 μM^[1].
Proparacaine hydrochloride alters the actin cytoskeleton of corneal epithelial cells^[2]. In Vivo:Proparacaine (0.20-2.92 μmol/kg; s.c.; single injection) hydrochloride induces dose-dependent cutaneous antinociception in rats with an ED₅₀ of 0.57 μmol/kg, and coadministration with Dopamine (HY-B0451) produces a synergistic antinociceptive effect that enhances both the magnitude and duration of block^[3].