Albendazole

Albendazole (SKF-62979) is an orally active and broad-spectrum parasiticide with high effectiveness and low host toxicity, is used for the research of gastrointestinal parasites in humans and animals. Albendazole induces apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. Albendazole also inhibits tubulin polymerization and HIF-1α, VEGF expression, has antioxidant activity, and inhibits the glycolytic process in cancer cells^{[1][2][3][4][5]}. IC50 & Target: parasites, tubulin^[1][2].
HIF-1α, VEGF^[3]. In Vitro: Albendazole (100, 500, 1000 nM; 1, 3, or 5 days) inhibits cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner^[1].
Albendazole (100, 250, 500, 1000 nM; 3 days) arrests SKHEP-1 cells at both G0–G1 (250, 500 nM) and G2-M (1000 nM) phases of the cycle^[1].
Albendazole (5 µM; 24, 36 h) mainly induces early apoptosis in HCT-15 cells and late apoptosis in HCT-1 16, HT29, SW480 cells accompanied with cleavage of PARP and caspase-3 in a time-dependent manner^[2].
Albendazole (5 µM; 24, 36 h) induces autophagy via increasing autophagy-related protein (such as LC3, Atg7, p-beclin-1, and beclin-1) expression level in HCT-15, HCT-1 16, HT29, and SW480 cells^[2].
Albendazole (500 nM, 24 h) inhibits hypoxia-induced HIF-1α expression and VEGF expression in A549 cells^[3]. In Vivo: Albendazole (10 mg/kg; i.g.; once a day for 30 days) reduces Echinococcus granulosus cyst weights in mice^[4].
Albendazole (300 mg/kg; p.o.; per day in two divided dose for 20 days) profoundly suppresses tumor growth in vivo^[1].