Pyridoxal phosphate

Pyridoxal phosphate is the active form of vitamin B6, acts as an inhibitor of reverse transcriptases, and is used for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. In Vitro:Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate severely inhibits the DNA Polymerase and RNase H. Pyridoxal phosphate results in an imnediate reduction in the rate of DNA synthesis^[1]. Conjugation to pyridoxal phosphate fully inhibits NEIL2. Pyridoxal phosphate-conjugated NEIL2 shows much lower activity than the intact enzyme over a wide range of enzyme/substrate ratios. After Pyridoxal phosphate conjugation, the ability of NEIL2 to bind the THF-ligand is completely lost^[2]. Pyridoxal phosphate (500 μM, 24 h) activates the ERK/c-Jun signaling pathway, promotes the expression of IGFBP1 protein in HepG2 cells^[3].
Pyridoxal phosphate (0.5 mg/mL, 48h) inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3^[5].
In Vivo:Pyridoxal phosphate (1 mg/kg, ip, single dose) alleviates Aβ25-35-induced spatial memory impairment and long-term memory impairment in mouse models^[4].
Pyridoxal phosphate (600 mg/kg/day, po for 16 weeks) inhibits the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and prevents the progression of diabetic nephropathy in Streptozotocin (HY-13753)-induced rats diabetes model^[6].