N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an orally active endogenous mitochondrial stress response regulator that can permeate the cell membrane by passive diffusion. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine induces low-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by transiently perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential, triggering reverse signaling to activate FoxO and Keap1 pathways. As a result, N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine enhances the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, exerting anti-stress and cytoprotective effects. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can improve heat stress tolerance, inhibit tumor growth, and regulate energy metabolism. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can be used in the research of aging, metabolic diseases (such as diabetes), and cancer^[1][2][3]. In Vivo:N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (0.4%, added to the diet; 7 days) is the main source of tyrosine for growing rats. Rats not supplemented with N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine shows signs of malnutrition, while rats in the treated group shows increased nitrogen retention and thymus weight^[1].
N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (10 nmol/larva; injection; single dose) significantly increases the survival rate of larvae after heat stress (44°C) in the heat stress model of armyworms (Mythimna separata), inducing heat tolerance in armyworms^[2].
N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (5 mg/mL, added to drinking water; 7 days) inhibits the growth of HCT116 tumor cells and downregulates tumor volume in a nude mouse colon cancer transplantation model^[2].