Perillyl alcohol

Perillyl alcohol is an orally active monoterpene. Perillyl alcohol exhibits multiple activities such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic, and anti-nociceptive effects. Perillyl alcohol can induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in tumor cells^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro:Perillyl alcohol (0-1.0 mM; 0-48 h) significantly increases caspase-3 activity and inhibits the phosphorylation level of Akt in BLMVECs^[1].
Perillyl alcohol (0.2-1 mM; 24-72 h) reduces the basal secretion of VEGF in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in K562, B16, and MDA-MB-231 cells^[1].
Perillyl alcohol (0.7-1 mM; 0-48 h) induces apoptosis, inhibits ROS production, and suppresses the expression of Ras protein and the activation of downstream targets in the 1984-1 mouse melanoma cell line^[2]. In Vivo:Perillyl alcohol (2-20 nmoles/cm²; incubation; single dose; 48 h) reduces the number of blood vessels in a dose-dependent manner in the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane model^[1].
Perillyl alcohol (10 mM; topical application; three times a week; 38 weeks) has anti-melanoma activity in the TPras mouse model^[2].
Perillyl alcohol (50-100 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; single dose) has analgesic and anti-nociceptive activities in mice^[3].