ar-Turmerone

ar-Turmerone ((+)-ar-Turmerone) is an orally active and major bioactive compound of the herb Curcuma longa with anti-tumorigenesis and anti-inflammatory activities. ar-Turmerone induces apoptosis in U937 cells. ar-Turmerone exerts positive modulation on murine DCs. ar-Turmerone induces NSC proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and can be used for various neurologic disorders study^{[1][2][3][4][5]}. In Vitro: ar-Turmerone (3.125-160 μg/mL, 24 or 48 h) inhibits cell viability in cancer cells^[2][3].
ar-Turmerone (5-15μg/mL, 72 or 24 h) exhibits stimulating effects on PBMC proliferation and cytokine production^[2].
ar-Turmerone (40-160 μg/mL, 48 h) induces apoptosis on U937 cells may involve caspase-3 activation through the induction of Bax and p53^[3].
ar-Turmerone (1.5625-400 µg/mL, 24-96 h) increases the production of IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), promotes phenotypic and functional maturation in murine dendritic cells (DCs)^[4].
ar-Turmerone (1.56-25 μg/mL, 72 h) increases fetal rat neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation in vitro^[5].
ar-Turmerone (6.25 μg/mL, 10 days) increases fetal rat NSC neurogenesis in vitro^[5].
In Vivo: ar-Turmerone (100 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 14 days) protects hippocampal and cortical neurons by downregulating the neuroinflammatory response, thereby alleviating spatial memory impairment in mice^[5].