Sodium benzoate

Sodium benzoate is an orally active pharmaceutical excipient, such as an antibacterial agent, preservative, lubricant, etc. Pharmaceutical excipients, or pharmaceutical auxiliaries, refer to other chemical substances used in the pharmaceutical process other than pharmaceutical ingredients. Pharmaceutical excipients generally refer to inactive ingredients in pharmaceutical preparations, which can improve the stability, solubility and processability of pharmaceutical preparations. Pharmaceutical excipients also affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) processes of co-administered drugs.Sodium benzoate activates NF-κB and induces Apoptosis. Sodium benzoate induces immune suppression and produces reproductively toxic. Sodium benzoate can be used for colon cancer and immune disease research^{[1][2][3][4][5]}. In Vitro:Sodium benzoate (0.125-3 mg/mL, 48 h) does not completely protect the PC12 cells to aluminum-induced free radicals toxicity^[4].
Sodium benzoate (0-2500 mg/mL, 72 h) affects the functional and activation status of splenocytes at non cytotoxic dose, with inducing immune suppression^[5].
Sodium benzoate (0.39-200 mM, 24 h) activates NF-κB and induces apoptosis in HCT116 cells^[6].
In Vivo:Sodium benzoate (125-500 ppm, diet, 8 weeks) affects body weight, food intake, lipid profile and biochemical indices of kidney and liver function in mice^[2].
Sodium benzoate (0-1000 mg/kg, p.o., 90 consecutive days) is dose-dependently reproductively toxic to male rats, with reducing sperm parameters, alters plasma levels of sex hormones^[3].