Deltamethrin

Deltamethrin (Decamethrin) is an orally active synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Deltamethrin induces oxidative stress and results in inflammation and apoptosis via inhibiting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Deltamethrin has an anticancer effect by inducing apoptosis. Deltamethrin can be used extensively in pest control^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}. In Vitro: Deltamethrin (5-60 μM, 24 h) increases cytosolic free Ca²⁺ concentration and induces apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in OC2 human oral cancer cells^[2].
Deltamethrin (0.5-100 μM, 24 h) inhibits thymocytes viability^[3].
Deltamethrin (10-50 μM, 1-6 h) shows a concentration- and time-dependent enhancement in caspase-3 activity in murine thymocytes^[3].
Deltamethrin (10-50 μM, 18 h) induces apoptosis in thymocytes^[3]. In Vivo: Deltamethrin (5.6-18 mg/kg, Oral, once a day for 15 days) induces oxidative stress in mice^[4].
Deltamethrin (60 mg/kg, Intraperitoneal injection, single dose) can increase the activity of Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the striatum in rats^[5].
Deltamethrin (15-45 mg/kg, Gavage, once a day for 12 weeks) promotes cardiomyocyte inflammation and apoptosis through inhibiting the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in quails^[6].