Estramustine (phosphate sodium)

Estramustine phosphate sodium, an estradiol analog, is an orally active antimicrotubule chemotherapy agent. Estramustine phosphate sodium depolymerises microtubules by binding to microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) and/or to tubulin. Estramustine phosphate sodium can interfere mitosis, trigger cell death and induce apoptosis, which can be used for the research of cancer like prostate cancer^[1][2][3]. In Vitro: Estramustine phosphate sodium (1 µg/ mL, 48 h) suppresses PC3 cell growth^[1].
Estramustine phosphate sodium (2 µg/mL, 48 h) elevates phosphatidylserine eversion amount on PC3 cells and induces PC3 cell apoptosis through reducing miR-31^[1].
Estramustine phosphate sodium (0-40 µM, 24-72 h) inhibits cell proliferation and tubulin cytoskeleton in RAW 264.7 cells^[2].
Estramustine phosphate sodium (10 µM, 24 h) inhibits TGF-β-induced RAW 264.7 cell migration, as well as TGF-β-induced uPA production by inhibiting Smad3 activation^[2]. In Vivo: Estramustine phosphate sodium (Intraperitoneal injection, 4 or 12 mg/kg, a daily dose for 2 weeks) inhibits PAC120 tumor growth 53% by day 35^[3].