Lysyllysine (dihydrochloride)

Lysyllysine dihydrochloride (L-Lysyl-L-lysine dihydrochloride) is an orally active PepT1 substrate. Lysyllysine dihydrochloride enhances whole-body protein synthesis, improves intestinal structure, alleviates intestinal mucosal inflammation, and exhibits higher lysine bioavailability in neonatal piglets with PN-induced intestinal atrophy. Lysyllysine dihydrochloride inhibits the growth of axenic cyanobacterial strains and induces their cell lysis. Lysyllysine dihydrochloride can be used in studies related to intestinal atrophy and metabolism^[1][2]. In Vitro:Lysyllysine dihydrochloride blocks growth and induces cell lysis in axenic cultures of Microcystis novacekii TAC 20-1 and Microcystis viridis NIES 102, with lower inhibitory activity than L-lysine monomer^[2]. In Vivo:Lysyllysine (lysyl-lysine, Lys-Lys) (0.50 g/kg/d; enteral delivery; continuous administration; 18 h) dihydrochloride elevates whole-body protein synthesis by 38% versus equimolar free lysine when orally given to PN-induced intestinal atrophy neonatal piglets, and ameliorates intestinal morphology, alleviates mucosal inflammation and strengthens intestinal barrier function through PepT1-mediated absorption^[1].