Sennidin B

Sennidin B is an anthraquinone compound isolated from Cassia angustifolia. Sennidin B is a DPP-4 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 39.39 μM. Sennidin B is an insect chitinase inhibitor with a K_i of 80 nM against OfChi-h. Sennidin B competitively inhibits chitinase activity by forming π-π stacking interactions with key tryptophan residues in the active site through a folded conformation. Sennidin B activates PI3K/Akt to promote glucose uptake in adipocytes. Sennidin B can be used for the development of biopesticides and research on type 2 diabetes and metabolism-related signaling pathways^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro:Sennidin B (300 μM; 30 min) stimulates glucose incorporation in rat adipocytes, although its potency is lower than that of Sennidin A^[1].
Sennidin B is a potent competitive multi-target inhibitor of Ostrinia furnacalis chitinolytic enzymes (OfChtI, OfChtII, OfChi-h, and OfHex1), with the strongest inhibitory potency against OfChi-h (K_i = 80 nM)^[4].
Sennidin B inhibits DPP-4 enzyme activity in a concentration-dependent manner in cell-free in vitro assays, with an IC₅₀ of 39.39 μM^[2].
Sennidin B (1000 nM; 2 h) binds to DPP-4 and enhances its thermal stability in Caco-2 cells^[2].

Sennidin B (0.1-1000 nM; 4 days) downregulates DPP-4 mRNA expression in Caco-2 cells, but has no effect at high concentrations, and inhibits DPP-4 protein expression in a concentration-dependent manner^[2]. In Vivo:Sennidin B (1-5 mM; p.o.; ad libitum) demonstrates potent in vivo insecticidal activity against O. furnacalis larvae, causing 100% mortality at 5 mM and significantly suppressing larval growth at 1 mM^[4].