Hematoxylin

Hematoxylin (Natural Black 1), a naturally occurring flavonoid compound derived from Caesalpinia sappan Linn.. Hematoxylin is a nuclear stain in histology and is also a potent Aβ42 fibrillogenesis inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 1.6 µM. IC50 & Target:IC50: 1.6 µM (Aβ42 fibrillogenesis)^[2] In Vitro: When exposed to air, Hematoxylin is oxidized to reddish brown hematein. When oxidized to its hematein form and combined with a mordant, usually a metal salt, Hematoxylin stains tissue sections a deep blue to black color depending on the staining method. By itself, Hematoxylin is also amphoteric in its hematein form; it is red at acid pH and blue at alkaline pH. Differentiation following Hematoxylin staining removes nonspecific staining^[1].
Hematoxylin treatment greatly alleviates Aβ42-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Hematoxylin is a potential agent against Aβ fibrillogenesis and cytotoxicity^[2].
The Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained tissue section is the cornerstone of anatomical pathology diagnosis. The H&E procedure stains the nucleus and cytoplasm contrasting colors to readily differentiate cellular components^[3]. In Vivo: Guidelines (Following is our recommended protocol. This protocol only provides a guideline, and should be modified according to your specific needs).
The method of H&E staining^[4]:
1. Place the glass slides that hold the paraffin sections in staining racks. Clear the paraffin from the samples in three changes of xylene for 2 min per change.
2. Hydrate the samples as follows.
i. Transfer the slides through three changes of 100% ethanol for 2 min per change.
ii. Transfer to 95% ethanol for 2 min.
iii. Transfer to 70% ethanol for 2 min.
iv. Rinse the slides in running tap water at room temperature for at least 2 min.
3. Stain the samples in Hematoxylin solution for 3 min.
4. Place the slides under running tap water at room temperature for at least 5 min.
5. Stain the samples in working eosin Y solution for 2 min.
6. Dehydrate the samples as follows.
i. Dip the slides in 95% ethanol about 20 times.
ii. Transfer to 95% ethanol for 2 min.
iii. Transfer through two changes of 100% ethanol for 2 min per change.
7. Clear the samples in three changes of xylene for 2 min per change.
8. Place a drop of Permount over the tissue on each slide and add a coverslip. View the slides using a microscope.