Gamma-Linolenic acid

Gamma-linolenic acid (γ-Linolenic acid) is an orally active unsaturated fatty acid. Gamma-linolenic acid exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK. At the same time, it exerts anticancer effects by inducing apoptosis (Apoptosis) in cancer cells. Additionally, Gamma-linolenic acid also has antioxidant and memory-improving effects. It holds promise for research in the fields of inflammation, neurology, and cancer diseases^{[1][2][3][4][5]}. In Vitro:Gamma-linolenic acid (10-100 μM, 24 h) can protect PC12 cells from β-Amyloid (25-35) (HY-P0128)-induced damage by alleviating oxidative stress, restoring cell cycle arrest, and blocking caspase-3 activation in PC12 cells^[2].
Gamma-linolenic acid (10-100 μM, 24 h) ameliorates β-Amyloid (25-35) (HY-P0128)-induced neuroinflammation in PC12 cells by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways^[2].
Gamma-linolenic acid (100μM, 2 days) inhibits the proliferation and migration of human and rat GBM cells and induces apoptosis in human and rat GBM cells^[3].
In Vivo:Gamma-linolenic acid (100 and 150 mg/kg, p.o., once daily for 14 days) exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in an indomethacin (HY-14397)-induced gastric ulcer rat model^[4].
Gamma-linolenic acid (1 and 5 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 40 days) improves glycation-induced memory impairment in a D-Fructose (HY-N7092)-induced aging model of Sprague-Dawley rats^[5].