Guaiol

Guaiol is a sesquiterpenoid alcohol with oral activity found in various traditional Chinese medicines, exhibiting biological activities such as anti-proliferative, autophagy-promoting, insecticidal, anti-anxiety, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Guaiol induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells by regulating the stability of RAD51 through autophagy modulation. Guaiol can also act directly on parasites, inhibiting their growth by affecting the kinetoplast, mitochondrial matrix and plasma membrane of the promastigotes. Guaiol kills amastigotes at an IC₅₀ of 0.01 µg/mL. Guaiol can be used in research related to cancer, infections, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}. In Vitro: Guaiol (150 μM, 24 h) has an inhibitory effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (A549 cells and H1299 cells)^[1].
Guaiol (0.1-50 μg/ml, 24 h) inhibits the growth of parasites in thioglycolate (HY-W115724)-stimulated macrophages from BALB/c mice^[5].
In Vivo: Guaiol (8 mg/kg, i.p., 3 times a week for 40 consecutive days) exhibited anti-tumor activity in the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) xenograft mouse model^[1].