3-Hydroxykynurenine

3-Hydroxykynurenine, a metabolite of tryptophan, is a potential endogenous neurotoxin whose increased levels have been described in several neurodegenerative disorders. 3-Hydroxykynurenine induces neuronal apoptosis^[1]. IC50 & Target:Endogenous Metabolite^[1] In Vitro: 3-Hydroxykynurenine-induced neuronal cell death shows several features of apoptosis^[1].
3-Hydroxykynurenine is a metabolic intermediate of the kynurenine pathway, the major metabolic pathway of tryptophan (Trp)^[1].
3-Hydroxykynurenine acts as an endogenous neurotoxin in the brain under pathological conditions^[1].
3-Hydroxykynurenine (20-100 μM) significantly inhibits CD4⁺ T-cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with IC₅₀ of approximately 70 μM^[2].
3-Hydroxykynurenine (20-100 μM) induces significant CD4⁺ T-cell-mediated cell death in a dose-dependent manner^[2]. In Vivo: 3-Hydroxykynurenine administration (560 mg/kg IP on a daily basis on days 1 to 7, days 7 to 14, or days 1 to 14) results in significant prolongation of graft survival whether administered between days 1 to 7, days 7 to 14, or days 1 to 14^[2].