Afzelin

Afzelin (Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside)It is a flavonol glycoside that has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress response, anti-apoptotic, and anti-cardiac cytotoxic effects. AfzelinIt can reduce mitochondrial damage, enhance mitochondrial biosynthesis, and reduce mitochondria-related proteins. Parkinand PTENinduced putative kinase 1 (putative kinase 1)s level. AfzelinCan be improved D-galactosamine(GalN)/LPSSurvival rate of mice treated with doxorubicin prophylaxis (HY-15142A)Induced cardiotoxicity and scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced neurological injury. AfzelinAlso inhibits asthma and allergies caused by ovalbumin^[1][2][3][4]. In Vitro:Afzelin (20-80 μM; 12 h) protects the viability of cardiomyocyte H9C2 cells and resists toxicity induced by DOX (1 μM; 12 h)^[2].
The anti-cardiotoxic effect of Afzelin is inhibited by AMPKα. Agent Dorsomorphin to eliminate^[2].
In Vivo:Afzelin (5, 10 mg/kg/day; po; 20 days) attenuates DOX toxicity-induced cardiac injury in a concentration-dependent manner. Afzelin exerts cardioprotective effects by upregulating p-AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) and Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) levels^[2].
Afzelin (0.1-10 mg/kg/day; po; for 5 days) reduces the asthma phenotype by downregulating the GATA-binding protein 3 transcription factor (GATA3) in mouse models of asthma. Afzelin inhibits GATA3 and reduces Th2 cytokines, while GATA3 is the main regulator of Th2 cytokine differentiation and production^[3].
Afzelin (100 ng/μL vis icv; 3 times a week for 1 month) ameliorates synaptic plasticity and cognitive/memory behaviors in mice given Scopolamine (HY-N0296)^[4].