DHICA

DHICA is an eumelanin building block, GPR35 agonist and melanin synthesis intermediate. DHICA activates GPR35, triggering dynamic mass redistribution and β-arrestin translocation. DHICA interacts with DNA and interferes with Fpg activity. DHICA promotes the generation of single-strand breaks in plasmid DNA. DHICA increases the activity and expression levels of SOD and Catalase. DHICA is applicable to research related to skin cancer and colon cancer^[1][2][3]. In Vitro:DHICA acts as a GPR35 agonist in native HT-29 colon cancer cells, triggering a DMR response with an EC₅₀ of 23.6 ± 2.5 μM^[1].
DHICA (5-50 μM; 24-72 h) inhibits the proliferation of primary normal human keratinocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner^[3].
DHICA (25-50 μM; 24-48 h) dose-dependently promotes the differentiation of primary normal human keratinocytes by upregulating the mRNA and protein expression of early and late differentiation markers^[3].
DHICA (5-50 μM; 24-48 h) increases the activity and protein expression levels of the antioxidant enzymes SOD and catalase in primary normal human keratinocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner^[3].
DHICA (5-50 μM) protects primary normal human keratinocytes against UVA-induced cell damage, lipid peroxidation, and apoptosis^[3].