Sorafenib (tosylate)

Sorafenib tosylate (Bay 43-9006 tosylate) is a potent and orally active Raf inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 6 nM and 20 nM for Raf-1 and B-Raf, respectively. Sorafenib tosylate is a multikinase inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 90 nM, 15 nM, 20 nM, 57 nM and 58 nM for VEGFR2, VEGFR3, PDGFRβ, FLT3 and c-Kit, respectively. Sorafenib tosylate induces autophagy and apoptosis. Sorafenib tosylate has anti-tumor activity. Sorafenib tosylate is a ferroptosis activator^[1]. IC50 & Target:IC50: 6 nM (Raf-1), 20 nM (VEGFR-3), 22 nM (BRAF), 57 nM (PDGFR-β), 58 nM (Flt3), 68 nM (c-KIT), 90 nM (VEGFR-2)^[1] In Vitro: Sorafenib tosylate also inhibits BRAF^wt (IC₅₀=22 nM), BRAF^V599E (IC₅₀=38 nM), VEGFR-2 (IC₅₀=90 nM), VEGFR-3 (IC₅₀=20 nM), PDGFR-β (IC₅₀=57 nM), c-KIT (IC₅₀=68 nM), and Flt3 (IC₅₀=58 nM) in biochemical assays^[1].
Sorafenib tosylate-induced phosphorylation of c-Met, p70S6K and 4EBP1 is significantly reduced when 10-0505 cells are co-treated with anti-human anti-HGF antibody, suggesting that treatment with Sorafenib tosylate leads to increased HGF secretion and activation of c-Met and mTOR targets^[2]. In Vivo: Sorafenib tosylate (10, 30, 50 and 100 mg/kg, orally) treatment inhibits the tumor growth of 06-0606 and 10-0505 xenografts in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). The growth rate of 06-0606 and 10-0505 xenografts is also significantly reduced by Sorafenib. The weights of 06-0606 tumors in mice that are treated with Sorafenib 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg are approximately 13% and 5% of the controls, respectively. 50 mg dose of Sorafenib significantly inhibits tumor growth in mice with lines 5-1318, 26-1004 and 10-0505 (P<0.01). For 50 mg dose, the T/C ratio, where T and C are the median weight (mg) of Sorafenib- and vehicle-treated tumors at the end of the treatment, respectively, for 06-0606, 26-1004, 5-1318, and 10-0505 xenografts is 0.13, 0.10, 0.12 and 0.49, respectively^[2]. The survival rate is 73.3 % in Diethyl nitrosamine (DENA) group and 83.3 % in Sorafenib group compared to 100 % in the normal control group. DENA group shows a significant increase in liver index (1.51-fold increase, p<0.05) compared to normal control group, while treatment with Sorafenib shows significant decrease (p<0.05) in liver index when compared to DENA group. The liver index in Sorafenib group significantly decreases to lower than its value in the normal control^[3].