Stachydrine

Stachydrine is a major constituent of Chinese herb leonurus heterophyllus sweet used to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway. IC50 & Target:NF-κB^[1] In Vitro: Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway, and this may be related to the mechanism of anti-hypertrophic. Intervention of stachydrine significantly suppresses the level of p-IκB protein in the cytosol and NF-κB protein in the nucleus ^[1]. Tissue factor mRNA is decreased in stachydrine-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Stachydrine attenuates the decline of human umbilical vein endothelial cells viability and the increase of LDH activity induced by anoxia-reoxygenation^[2]. A dose dependent decrease in expression of mRNA, and protein levels are observed in stachydrine-treated human prostate cancer cells (PC-3 and LNcaP)^[3]. In Vivo: Stachydrine attenuates norepinephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and has potential protective effects against β-adrenergic receptor induced Ca²⁺ mishandling^[4]. Stachydrine treatment reduces the expressions of PERK, CHOP, and caspase-3 in the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis pathway^[5].