4-Guanidinobutanoic acid

4-Guanidinobutanoic acid is a metabolite of arginine and an orally active SLC36A1/Hedgehog signaling pathway activator. 4-Guanidinobutanoic acid drives epithelial reprogramming, enhances intestinal stem cell function and goblet cell differentiation. 4-Guanidinobutanoic acid promotes the enrichment of Akkermansia muciniphila via mucus-dependent niche expansion, regulates intestinal homeostasis, and establishes a microbiota-host feedback loop. 4-Guanidinobutanoic acid exhibits anti-aging and healthspan-regulating properties. 4-Guanidinobutanoic acid can be used in research related to ulcerative colitis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy^[1][2]. In Vitro:4-GBA (0.8 mM; 4 d) enhances MUC2 expression and goblet cell differentiation in murine colonic organoids^[1].
4-GBA (0.8 mM; 4 d) enhances intestinal stem cell function and goblet cell differentiation in murine colonic organoids via activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway^[1].
4-GBA (0.8 mM; 4 d) enhances intestinal stem cell function and activates Hedgehog signaling in murine colonic organoids via a SLC36A1-dependent mechanism^[1]. In Vivo:4-GBA (150 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; 7 days) significantly attenuates DSS-induced acute colitis in C57BL/6J mice, as evidenced by reduced disease activity, improved histopathology, enhanced goblet cell and MUC2 levels, modulated cytokine and antimicrobial peptide expression, and increased Treg frequency^[1].
4-GBA (150 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; 14 days) ameliorates Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice by reducing tissue damage and bacterial burden^[1].
4-GBA (150 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; 7 days) enhances intestinal epithelial homeostasis in healthy C57BL/6J mice by increasing goblet cell density, MUC2 production, and ISC proliferation and function^[1].
4-GBA (150 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; 7 days) enriches Akkermansia muciniphila in the gut microbiota of healthy C57BL/6J mice in a mucus-dependent manner^[1].
4-Guanidinobutanoic acid (0.2-5 mM; supplemented in NGM; continuous from day 1 of adulthood) extends mean wild-type C. elegans lifespan by 12% at 0.2, 1, and 5 mM, and significantly improves locomotion in aged worms at 5 mM^[2].
4-Guanidinobutanoic acid (5 mM; supplemented in NGM; continuous from day 1 of adulthood) slightly extends mean lifespan and improves late-stage locomotion in the C. elegans dys-1^(eg33) Duchenne muscular dystrophy model^[2].
4-Guanidinobutanoic acid (5 mM; supplemented in NGM; continuous from day 1 of adulthood) decreases mean lifespan but improves late-stage locomotion in the C. elegans dys-1^(cx18) Duchenne muscular dystrophy model^[2].
4-Guanidinobutanoic acid (5 mM; supplemented in NGM; continuous from day 1 of adulthood) slightly extends mean lifespan in the sod-1^WTc ALS control strain but has no effect on the sod-1^G85Rc ALS mutant strain^[2].
4-Guanidinobutanoic acid (5 mM; supplemented in NGM; continuous from day 1 of adulthood) reduces lifespan and locomotion in ALS model worms exposed to Paraquat-induced oxidative stress^[2].