Genistein

Genistein, a soy isoflavone, is a multiple tyrosine kinases (e.g., EGFR) inhibitor which acts as a chemotherapeutic agent against different types of cancer, mainly by altering apoptosis, the cell cycle, and angiogenesis and inhibiting metastasis. IC50 & Target:IC50: 0.7 μg/mL (0.6 μM) (EGFR)^[1] In Vitro:Genistein inhibits serum-stimulated growth of MCF-7 and T47D ER⁺ cells with IC₅₀ values of 7.6 and 8.7 μg/mL by dye exclusion, respectively, and 8.7 and 10.6 μg/mL by [³H]thymidmne incorporation, respectively. These values are similar to the IC₅₀ values of 9.4 and 7 μg/mL for MCF-7 and T47D ER⁺ cells, respectively, obtained with the MTT assay. Additionally, Genistein at concentrations up to 20 μg/mL does not alter MTT mitochondrial reduction when compared to control cells in an 8 h incubation period. Furthermore, neither biochanin A or daidzein are found to interfere with the MTT assay at IC₅₀ concentrations. Therefore, the MTT assay is valid for determining growth inhibition by Genistein at concentrations under 20 μg/mL in the systems studied^[1]. In Vivo:Bisphenol A (BPA) treatment alone and combined with Genistein had no significant effect on the protein expression of LC3II and PPARα in liver of STD- or HFD-fed rats (P>0.05; P>0.05). Significant decreasing of the protein expression of PPARγ in liver is observed when Genistein is added to rats, compared to either HFD group or HFD-BPA group^[2].