Vinpocetine

Vinpocetine (Ethyl apovincaminate) is a derivative of the alkaloid Vincamine that blocks voltage-gated Na⁺ channels. The IC₅₀ value of Vinpocetine on direct IKK inhibition in the cell-free system is 17.17 μM. Vinpocetine is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor and inhibits NF-κB-dependent inflammatory responses by directly targeting IκB kinase complex (IKK), and has been widely used for the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders^[1][2][3]. In Vitro: Vinpocetine (5-50 μM; 7 hours; VSMCs, HUVECs, A549 cells and RAW264.7 cells) potently inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB-dependent transcriptional activity in a dose-dependent manner with an approximate IC₅₀ value of 25 μM. Vinpocetine do not have a significant effect on cell viability^[1].
Vinpocetine (50 μM; 7 hours; VSMCs, HUVECs, A549 cells and RAW264.7 cells) potently inhibits TNF-α-induced up-regulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, MCP-1, VCAM-1, ICAM-1and MIP-2 transcripts in several cell types^[1]. In Vivo: Vinpocetine (2.5-10 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; C57BL/6 mice) potently inhibits TNF-α- or LPS-induced up-regulation of proinflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and MIP-2, and decreases interstitial infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in a mouse model of TNF-α- or LPS-induced lung inflammation^[1].