4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide

4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide is the active metabolite form of the precursor Cyclophosphamide. 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide cross-links DNA to induce T cell apoptosis independent of caspase receptor activation, and can activate the mitochondrial death pathway by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide can be used in the study of rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune diseases^[1][2]. In Vitro:4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide (1 or 3 μg/mL, 24, 48, 72 h) Apoptosis of Caspase-independent T cells is mediated by oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial apoptosis factor AIF and nuclear relocalization of EndoG^[1].
4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide (1 μg/mL, 72, 96 h) Combines with methotrexate (HY-14519), RANKL expression was inhibited in IL-6/ SIL-6R-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 and p38MAPK signaling pathways^[2].
In Vivo:4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg intraperitoneally injected) kills Caspase-independent T cells and B cells in mice^[1].