Clenbuterol

Clenbuterol (NAB-365) is a β2-adrenergic receptor agonist with an EC₅₀ of 31.9 nM^[1]. Clenbuterol is a very potent inhibitor of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of TNF-α and IL-1β. Clenbuterol can inhibit the inflammatory process. Clenbuterol is a bronchodilator^[2]. In Vitro: Clenbuterol (NAB-365) is a selective β2-adrenergic agonist (β2/β1 ratio = 4.0). Clenbuterol is a very potent inhibitor of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of TNF-α and IL-1β. Clenbuterol can inhibit the inflammatory process^[2].
Clenbuterol (10-200 μM; for 24 or 48 hours) decreases the viability of C2C12 myoblasts. Clenbuterol (100 μM) significantly decreases DNA synthesis. Clenbuterol (100 μM; for 12 h) increases the proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase. Clenbuterol treatment delays cell cycle progression. Clenbuterol (100 μM) induces cell cycle arrest, but not apoptosis, in C2C12 myoblasts^[3]. In Vivo: Treatment with Clenbuterol increases survival, rescues abnormalities in respiratory function and social recognition, and improves motor coordination in young male Mecp2-null (Mecp2^?/y) mice^[4].
Clenbuterol is a bronchodilator. Clenbuterol (90 μg) is administered intratracheally to five horses. Peak serum concentrations of ～230 pg/mL are detected 10 min after administration, dropping to ～50 pg/mL within 30 min and declining much more slowly thereafter. Intratracheal administration of clenbuterol shortly before race time can be detected with this serum test^[5].